A nice Finnish word to keep you going:
lentokonesuihkuturbiinimoottoriapumekaanikkoaliupseerioppilas
unfortunately it doesn't have any of our umlauts, like this charming word: töölöläinen
I even had a project / platform named 'Eierschalensollbruchstellenverursacher', together with a few friends, several years ago. :)
( It mainly was a 'Designers Playground'. Sadly enough, the site itself is no longer alive. I think we even had the domain eierschalensollbruchstellenverursacher.com, for a year or so, back then. Aaargh, My memory. Its available again, by the way. :)
If I remember correctly, there was a word in a Finnish – German dictionary that went something like this: phonecallselectioncancellationpreventionbutton. A word.
And if I’m not totally mistaken the long word posted by Mili is in fact in use in the military.
phonecallselectioncancellationpreventionbutton would be translated as Anrufauswahlabbruchsvermeidungsknopf. Or what about the old classic Donaudampfschifffahrtsgesellschaft? ;o)
Sorry, Goran, I forgot about the Swedish word combining systems! Any other languages like that? Danish and Norwegian surely, perhaps Dutch?
Alessandro, the "pannomattosuora" sounds like a Finnish word, although panno doesn't mean anything in Finnish (change it to "pannu", and it means kettle), but "matto" is a rug and "suora" is straight.
antidissestablishmentarianism I believe is the longest English word but it is just childs play compared to the Finn and German example above. They say "the Greeks had a word for it" but the Finns have a gigantic word for it :-) And they say size doesn't matter :-)
Defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as "a factitious word alleged to mean 'a lung disease caused by the inhalation of very fine silica dust' but occurring chiefly as an instance of a very long word."
Another possibility to find words is to search large texts for long words. http://www.gutenberg.org/ is a good source with texts in many languages. I thought Kant in German would be a good candidate for long words and came up with the following:
What was the contest held many, many years ago which involved Vana White with Hawaiians, Estonians, and Norwegians, vs Czechs and Slovaks? Somehow I think the Czechs and Slovaks never wanted to buy a vowel from Vana so everyone else got them? [Maybe the game was later called "Whll of MzFrchtzn" by Central Europeans] :-)
When I was working on the history of the theory of relativity, I had to read about the velocity of light in three languages. This phrase really give the feel of the three languages. French: velocité de la lumiere. German: lichtfortpflanzungsgeschwindigkeit.
English: shortest. French: prettiest. German: most exact, but a mouthful.
I wonder: are German speakers (and those in other languages with a similar device) slowed down by the aggregation of nouns like this, with no word spacing?
I wonder: are German speakers (and those in other languages with a similar device) slowed down by the aggregation of nouns like this, with no word spacing?
You mean, they think slow? ;-)
I don't think so. The long words you found are the exception rather than the rule. As to philosophical or scientific texts -- once you figure out what someone means by a longer word (which has more to do with the interpretation of the text than mere deciphering of a single word), these words become variables which you just recognize. Whether they are shorter or longer doesn't really matter then.
Today "lichtgeschwindigkeit" is used which is literally the same as the English and French terms. Not that long.
[Glaube ich nicht. Diese langen wörter sind eher die ausnahme. Und in texten, in denen sie auftauchen, muß man sie nicht ständig aufs neue entziffern, sondern erkennt sie einfach wieder -- bloß eine variable, deren länge sich nicht direkt auf deren wiedererkennbarkeit auswirkt.]
Don't confuse the fact that in German composed words are written in one word and the tendency towards longer words (written in one or not).
The fact that we write composed words in one word is necessary because the word order is not fixed like in English. Unfortunately, this principle is not followed by everyone anymore.
Most words are longer because of our naive way of describing things rather than using new words. For example, glove is actually Handschuh (handshoe) in German. This makes texts longer but on the other hand, many technical terms are easier to understand for laymen.
Yeah but you occassionally get something like wiedererkennbarkeit = recognizable :)
The reason I ask is because of a question I have not related to this thread: whether the original absence of word spacing slowed down readers of Latin and Greek. It seems that semitic languages always had word spaces, but that the addition of vowels to the alphabet for Greek and Latin sufficiently reduced ambiguity that word spaces were not as needed.
There is a theory, of Noordzij and Saenger that the re-introduction of word spaces by Irish monks in the 8th century enabled silent reading and was a big breakthough. I am wondering whether native speakers of Latin and Greek could read just as quickly without word spaces. I know Latin is highly conjugated, and I've heard the same about Greek, so it may be that word endings are easy to recognize.
My guess is that the reintroduction of word spaces was because the Irish monks' Latin was not as good as their continental colleagues, so it was more difficult for them to read continuous texts; also they wanted to write Gaelic, which maybe has less end-of-word markers...
In English we also do aggretated nouns (eg. word spaces), but usually keep the words separate. Does the German practice reduce ambiguity and help readability? Or does the length of words reduce readability? Or is there no difference?
I also note that German is much more conjugated than English. Is this a factor?
@William
As a drastic example,
the term "Donaudampfschifffahrtsgesellschaft" - (very badly) translated in "Danubian steamboat-shipping corporation" - has several combined words (and stems) in it.
Donau (danube), Dampf (steam), Schiff (ship), Fahrt (ride), Gesellschaft (corporation) and "combined words", terms like Dampfschiff ("steamship", steamboat), Schifffahrt (shipping).
This example is hard to read for native german-speaking people too, but a "normal term" like "The declaration of independence" - "Die Unabhängigkeitserklärung" is easy to read for native germans. It depends how many words and stems are combined in one term... you got to be used to... that's all :)
Chris you might remember an issue of U&LC where the name of a Scottish train station was the longest word in the world. It means something like "The place over the hill by the church near the oak tree…"
Thomas,
Your example makes perfect sense to me. As an English speaker, I can read antidisestablishmentarianism or dichlorodifluromethane with no problem because I am familiar with those words. There are many other long (for English) technical and scientific terms which I do not know. I slow down reading those a great deal because I have to sound them out and ponder as to their meaning. Familiarity, as you said, is the key.
It started when I was looking for text from foreign languages to test my typeface designs. I was looking for letter combinations which were not very typical in English. I started seeing these enormous words in some languages as well as concentrations of either vowels or consonants in other languages. This all made me quite curious why words got to be so big in some languages. From this thread, I've learned that it is normal in some languages to just combine words without spaces and that everyone is quite comfortable with it.
I am always on the lookout for intriguing texts to test type with in any language using Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic scripts. I look for subject areas which might match the face I am drawing--music, science, art periods, humor or abstract things like darkness and lightness.
Another good thing about testing type in foreign languages is that you look more at the letter combinations than you would in your native tongue since you don't get caught up reading the text.
4 Jul 2006 — 1:07pm
Here they are as text:
Eierschalensollbruchstellenverursacher
Staatsangehörigkeitsangelegenheiten
I am sure many of you can come up with other H&J teasers.
ChrisL
4 Jul 2006 — 1:09pm
A nice Finnish word to keep you going:
lentokonesuihkuturbiinimoottoriapumekaanikkoaliupseerioppilas
unfortunately it doesn't have any of our umlauts, like this charming word: töölöläinen
4 Jul 2006 — 1:13pm
Those are great! and they have just a few vowels--unlike the Czech words which could borrow some of your for sure :-)
ChrisL
4 Jul 2006 — 1:20pm
I even had a project / platform named 'Eierschalensollbruchstellenverursacher', together with a few friends, several years ago. :)
( It mainly was a 'Designers Playground'. Sadly enough, the site itself is no longer alive. I think we even had the domain eierschalensollbruchstellenverursacher.com, for a year or so, back then. Aaargh, My memory. Its available again, by the way. :)
Dav
4 Jul 2006 — 1:27pm
Dave,
I guess you could have made a font with now word spaces forthat site since none were needed :-)
ChrisL
4 Jul 2006 — 2:40pm
Why yes, that is Action Jackson!
Forza Italia!
If I remember correctly, there was a word in a Finnish – German dictionary that went something like this: phonecallselectioncancellationpreventionbutton. A word.
And if I’m not totally mistaken the long word posted by Mili is in fact in use in the military.
4 Jul 2006 — 2:46pm
The Finns win by a long shot!
ChrisL
4 Jul 2006 — 2:48pm
To clear things out, it was a German word. ; )
4 Jul 2006 — 2:52pm
Good for spelling contests!
ChrisL
4 Jul 2006 — 3:53pm
phonecallselectioncancellationpreventionbutton would be translated as Anrufauswahlabbruchsvermeidungsknopf. Or what about the old classic Donaudampfschifffahrtsgesellschaft? ;o)
4 Jul 2006 — 5:40pm
It sounds like the addawordadinfinitum syndrome :-)
ChrisL
5 Jul 2006 — 12:16am
Mili, is that the Finnish title for Tom Cruise's movie "Top Gun" ?
5 Jul 2006 — 12:47am
Nearly, it's a rank in the Finnish air force, as Grot Esqué already mentioned ;-).
In both German and Finnish one can make long words by just adding them together. Of course, ther should be some sense and logic in it.
One famous palindrom in Finnish is the soap salesman: saippuakauppias, but that's a shorty.
5 Jul 2006 — 2:23am
Or "pannomattosuora" which means something like "the crazy woollen cloth of the nun" in Italian.
5 Jul 2006 — 2:38am
And here‘s four (not as long, but anyway) in swedish =)
acklimatiseringssvårigheter
förtjänstutvecklingsgaranti
kontrollstationsförhandling
realisationsvinstbeskattning
5 Jul 2006 — 2:47am
Sorry, Goran, I forgot about the Swedish word combining systems! Any other languages like that? Danish and Norwegian surely, perhaps Dutch?
Alessandro, the "pannomattosuora" sounds like a Finnish word, although panno doesn't mean anything in Finnish (change it to "pannu", and it means kettle), but "matto" is a rug and "suora" is straight.
5 Jul 2006 — 3:38am
So “panna matto suoraan” would mean “to straighten the carpet”. “Pannomattosuora” sounds like some foreigner trying to speak Finnish.
5 Jul 2006 — 5:07am
“to straighten the carpet”
That is a fine kettle of fish :-)
ChrisL
5 Jul 2006 — 8:48am
antidissestablishmentarianism I believe is the longest English word but it is just childs play compared to the Finn and German example above. They say "the Greeks had a word for it" but the Finns have a gigantic word for it :-) And they say size doesn't matter :-)
ChrisL
5 Jul 2006 — 9:21am
Only one s in the disestablish part of that word ... so the English winner by one letter is ...
floccinaucinihilipilification - setting little or no value on something
Any advance?
Toby
5 Jul 2006 — 10:12am
Don't forget the Welsh classic:
Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch
http://teachingtreasures.com.au/student-projects/Llanfair.htm
5 Jul 2006 — 10:30am
pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
Defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as "a factitious word alleged to mean 'a lung disease caused by the inhalation of very fine silica dust' but occurring chiefly as an instance of a very long word."
5 Jul 2006 — 10:36am
Sorry Toby, this is longer: Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious (and you can also sing it).
5 Jul 2006 — 11:03am
Chimney sweeps unite in song :-)
ChrisL
5 Jul 2006 — 3:29pm
Not as long, but looks good in print--- The offical state fish of Hawaii:
humuhumunukunukuapuaa
DK~
5 Jul 2006 — 4:49pm
Another very vowel-friendly language :-)
ChrisL
6 Jul 2006 — 3:35am
the only norwegian word with 9 vowels in a row:
"SAUEØYEEIENDOMMELIGHETER"
means "sheep's eye oddities'.
6 Jul 2006 — 4:42am
Tõõõõõõbik.
It's Estonian and means "Work-night nightingale".
6 Jul 2006 — 5:54am
Another possibility to find words is to search large texts for long words. http://www.gutenberg.org/ is a good source with texts in many languages. I thought Kant in German would be a good candidate for long words and came up with the following:
Annehmungswürdigkeit Anschauungsvermögens anthropomorphistisch aufeinanderfolgenden bewunderungswürdigen Bewunderungswürdiges Dynamischunbedingten Elementarwissenschaft empirischunbedingten empirischunbedingten Erfahrungserkenntnis Erfahrungserkenntnisse Erkenntnisprinzipien Erklärungsbedingungen Fundamentalerscheinung Gelegenheitsursachen Gravitationsgesetzen Grundbeschaffenheiten Intellektualphilosoph Intellektualphilosophen mathematischunbedingte Naturmannigfaltigkeit Paragraphenabteilung Parlamentsadvokaten: physikotheologischen physischtheologische physischtheologischen schlechthinnotwendig schlechthinnotwendigen schlechthinnotwendiges Schlechthinunbedingte Schlechthinunbedingten Unbedingtnotwendigen unbedingtnotwendiges Undurchdringlichkeit Unterscheidungskraft Unterscheidungsmerkmal verabscheuungswürdig Verbindungsvermögens Vergleichungsbegriffe Verhältnisvorstellungen Vernunftbearbeitungen Vernunftbehauptungen Vernunfterkenntnisse Vernunfterkenntnisses Vernunftuntersuchung Vernunftwissenschaft Vernunftwissenschaften Verstandeserkenntnis Verstandeserkenntnisse Verstandeserkenntnisses Verstandesgrundsatze Verstandesgrundsätzen Verstandeshandlungen Verstandesverbindung Vorstellungsfähigkeit Vorstellungsvermögen Zwischenempfindungen
T
6 Jul 2006 — 6:13am
I would like to see Tim's text above set justified with hyphenation turned off :-)
ChrisL
6 Jul 2006 — 6:22am
What was the contest held many, many years ago which involved Vana White with Hawaiians, Estonians, and Norwegians, vs Czechs and Slovaks? Somehow I think the Czechs and Slovaks never wanted to buy a vowel from Vana so everyone else got them? [Maybe the game was later called "Whll of MzFrchtzn" by Central Europeans] :-)
ChrisL
7 Jul 2006 — 5:30am
I think this one is the longest:
Rindfleischetikettierungsüberwachungsaufgabenübertragungsgesetz
And this one is long and also often used:
Betäubungsmittelverschreibungsverordnung
in english it would be called:
narcoticprescriptionlaw
or something like that!?!?
: )
7 Jul 2006 — 6:20am
When I was working on the history of the theory of relativity, I had to read about the velocity of light in three languages. This phrase really give the feel of the three languages. French: velocité de la lumiere. German: lichtfortpflanzungsgeschwindigkeit.
English: shortest. French: prettiest. German: most exact, but a mouthful.
I wonder: are German speakers (and those in other languages with a similar device) slowed down by the aggregation of nouns like this, with no word spacing?
7 Jul 2006 — 6:53am
I wonder: are German speakers (and those in other languages with a similar device) slowed down by the aggregation of nouns like this, with no word spacing?
You mean, they think slow? ;-)
I don't think so. The long words you found are the exception rather than the rule. As to philosophical or scientific texts -- once you figure out what someone means by a longer word (which has more to do with the interpretation of the text than mere deciphering of a single word), these words become variables which you just recognize. Whether they are shorter or longer doesn't really matter then.
Today "lichtgeschwindigkeit" is used which is literally the same as the English and French terms. Not that long.
[Glaube ich nicht. Diese langen wörter sind eher die ausnahme. Und in texten, in denen sie auftauchen, muß man sie nicht ständig aufs neue entziffern, sondern erkennt sie einfach wieder -- bloß eine variable, deren länge sich nicht direkt auf deren wiedererkennbarkeit auswirkt.]
Just an example. Not many really long words ...
Karsten
7 Jul 2006 — 7:17am
Don't confuse the fact that in German composed words are written in one word and the tendency towards longer words (written in one or not).
The fact that we write composed words in one word is necessary because the word order is not fixed like in English. Unfortunately, this principle is not followed by everyone anymore.
Most words are longer because of our naive way of describing things rather than using new words. For example, glove is actually Handschuh (handshoe) in German. This makes texts longer but on the other hand, many technical terms are easier to understand for laymen.
7 Jul 2006 — 7:27am
>Not many really long words …
Yeah but you occassionally get something like wiedererkennbarkeit = recognizable :)
The reason I ask is because of a question I have not related to this thread: whether the original absence of word spacing slowed down readers of Latin and Greek. It seems that semitic languages always had word spaces, but that the addition of vowels to the alphabet for Greek and Latin sufficiently reduced ambiguity that word spaces were not as needed.
There is a theory, of Noordzij and Saenger that the re-introduction of word spaces by Irish monks in the 8th century enabled silent reading and was a big breakthough. I am wondering whether native speakers of Latin and Greek could read just as quickly without word spaces. I know Latin is highly conjugated, and I've heard the same about Greek, so it may be that word endings are easy to recognize.
My guess is that the reintroduction of word spaces was because the Irish monks' Latin was not as good as their continental colleagues, so it was more difficult for them to read continuous texts; also they wanted to write Gaelic, which maybe has less end-of-word markers...
In English we also do aggretated nouns (eg. word spaces), but usually keep the words separate. Does the German practice reduce ambiguity and help readability? Or does the length of words reduce readability? Or is there no difference?
I also note that German is much more conjugated than English. Is this a factor?
7 Jul 2006 — 7:52am
the re-introduction of word spaces by Irish monks in the 8th century enabled silent reading
Prior to this, it would have been difficult to follow a vow of silence and work in the scriptorium.
7 Jul 2006 — 10:56am
@William
As a drastic example,
the term "Donaudampfschifffahrtsgesellschaft" - (very badly) translated in "Danubian steamboat-shipping corporation" - has several combined words (and stems) in it.
Donau (danube), Dampf (steam), Schiff (ship), Fahrt (ride), Gesellschaft (corporation) and "combined words", terms like Dampfschiff ("steamship", steamboat), Schifffahrt (shipping).
This example is hard to read for native german-speaking people too, but a "normal term" like "The declaration of independence" - "Die Unabhängigkeitserklärung" is easy to read for native germans. It depends how many words and stems are combined in one term... you got to be used to... that's all :)
7 Jul 2006 — 12:02pm
Chris you might remember an issue of U&LC where the name of a Scottish train station was the longest word in the world. It means something like "The place over the hill by the church near the oak tree…"
7 Jul 2006 — 12:03pm
Thomas,
Your example makes perfect sense to me. As an English speaker, I can read antidisestablishmentarianism or dichlorodifluromethane with no problem because I am familiar with those words. There are many other long (for English) technical and scientific terms which I do not know. I slow down reading those a great deal because I have to sound them out and ponder as to their meaning. Familiarity, as you said, is the key.
ChrisL
7 Jul 2006 — 12:05pm
“The place over the hill by the church near the oak tree…”
I know that place laddie! :-)
ChrisL
8 Jul 2006 — 4:41am
I think that is the Welsh village already mentioned above by Mili, boyo.
I think the Maori have that beaten though Tetaumatawhakatangihangakoauaotamateaurehaeaturipukapihimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuaakitanarahu and you shouldn’t hyphenate proper nouns so maybe it isn’t the best test, wide measure too.
Tim
8 Jul 2006 — 5:42am
Tim,
Try that on a 12 pica measure :-)
ChrisL
8 Jul 2006 — 9:32am
I'm too annoyed by that widow:)
Does your search have a motive or is it curiosity?
Tim
8 Jul 2006 — 10:34am
It started when I was looking for text from foreign languages to test my typeface designs. I was looking for letter combinations which were not very typical in English. I started seeing these enormous words in some languages as well as concentrations of either vowels or consonants in other languages. This all made me quite curious why words got to be so big in some languages. From this thread, I've learned that it is normal in some languages to just combine words without spaces and that everyone is quite comfortable with it.
I am always on the lookout for intriguing texts to test type with in any language using Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic scripts. I look for subject areas which might match the face I am drawing--music, science, art periods, humor or abstract things like darkness and lightness.
ChrisL
8 Jul 2006 — 10:37am
Another good thing about testing type in foreign languages is that you look more at the letter combinations than you would in your native tongue since you don't get caught up reading the text.
ChrisL
8 Jul 2006 — 8:17pm
Rauchgasentschwefelungsanlage
(Sulfur Dioxide Detoxification Facility)
8 Jul 2006 — 8:54pm
Thanks John, doesn't sound like a healthy place to visit :-)
I wish there were a word that said:
Darkchocolateandhazelnutswithespressoeatingplace instead;-D
ChrisL
9 Jul 2006 — 5:26am
Thanks a lot Chris, now I got to go back to the store to get some ice cream.
9 Jul 2006 — 5:48am
Get some for me too Lari!
ChrisL